A Simple Tip About Research Paper Writing Service Online Explained

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The effect of social or cultural factors on one cognitive process is the effect of schema on memory free essay sample

An example of the effect of social or cultural factors on one cognitive process is the effect of schema on memory. Schemas are mental representations of categories from our knowledge, expectations, and beliefs. Any information that people are exposed to is affected by the society and culture that they are in, and schemas are influenced by external factors, which then affects what’s stored in our memory process. Our memory content opens a window through which we can observe the cultural influences on the ways in which individuals attend to represent, organize, retrieve, and share events, and that is what we will be observing throughout this essay. A significant researcher into schemas is Bartlett (1932). He introduced the idea of schemas in his study called â€Å"War of Ghosts†. His aim was to investigate the effect of culture on memory. He had the participants (all from an english background) read a Native American folktale and then recall it later. We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of social or cultural factors on one cognitive process is the effect of schema on memory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As for the results, the story was changed, there were no odd or supernatural things added into the stories that the people re-wrote, it was a straightforward story of a fight and death. This story relates to the effect of culture on memory because Bartlett’s work demonstrated how schemas originating in one particular culture is re-called. His participants relied on schematic knowledge, acquired within their culture to understand and later recall a story from a different culture. Memory is very inaccurate, Bartlett’s study helped to explain through the understanding of schemas when people remember stories, they typically omit some details, and introduce rationalisations and distortions, because they reconstruct the story so as to make more sense in terms of their knowledge, the culture in which they were brought up in and experiences in the form of schemas. A further study demonstrating cultural influence on schematic knowledge is by Rogoff and Wadell (1982). The aim was to determine whether non-western children would show a memory defect for contextually organised spatial material. They gave Guatemalan children a memory task that was meaningful in local terms; constructed a diorama of a Mayan village located near a mountain and a lake, similar to the locale in which the children lived. Each child watched as a local experimenter selected 20 miniature objects from a set of 80 and placed them in the diorama, object included were: cars, animals, people, and furniture. Then the 20 objects were returned to the group of 60 others remaining on the table. After a few minutes, the children were asked to reconstruct the full scene they had been show. Under these conditions, the memory performance of the Mayan children was slightly superior to that of their United States counterparts. This study supports that culture affects memory, Culture heavily impacts schema, thus memory recall. Through this study, it shows that people can remember better or perform tasks which are recognized as part of their culture, due to cultural influences and experiences stored in their schemas. The studies established, in particular Bartlett’s work, showed that memory is, to a significant extent, a construction; moreover, one that relies heavily on the schemas we develop in our cultural settings. And as demonstrated in these two studies, cultural factors stored in our schemas affect our memory and how we recall things. Therefore, human cognition is culturally independent, in the way that cognitive abilities are influenced by the social and cultural context in which people live.

A Very Special Christmas A Very Special Christmas 2 free essay sample

Its Christmas time again and every year more and more artists come out with Christmas albums. Last year saw Boyz II Men and Gloria Estefan bringing holiday tunes and this year Mariah Carey has joined the clique. Theres a problem, though, with entire Christmas albums recorded by only one performer, the songs tend to sound the same. The Very Special Christmas albums, on the other hand, are two eclectic collections of a wide range of musicians recording new songs and renditions of old classics. Founded by Eunice Kennedy Shriver, the chairman of Special Olympics International, the Very Special Christmas albums were first released in 1987 and again in 1992 to raise support for the Special Olympics. The songs on the first album range from the Eurythmics light and harmless cover of Winter Wonderland to the Pointer Sisters lively Santa Claus is Coming to Town and Bryan Adams Run, Rudolph, Run. However, the best moments are sliced and served by Whitney Houston and Sting. We will write a custom essay sample on A Very Special Christmas A Very Special Christmas 2 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whitneys passionate rendition of Do You Hear What I Hear truly captures her soul. Stings stunningly sincere and powerful Gabriels Message is a beautiful addition to the collection. Madonnas baby voice on Santa Baby and Bon Jovis hard rock Back Door Santa dont seem to fit quite well, though. The second album also succeeds at bringing a broad range of talent together. It scores points by including Aretha Franklins soul on a slower and more elegant version of O Christmas Tree, as well as bringing blues with Merry Christmas Baby by Bonnie Raitt and Charles Brown and jazz with Vanessa Williams classy What Child is This? Boyz II Mens a cappella version of The Birth of Christ rises high above their Christmas album. Extremes Christmas Time Again is an original masterpiece. Its one of those songs that you know is destined to be remade in the future and ends with a nice touch of The First Noel for good measure. Both albums contain a nice variety of musical styles that will surely keep the holidays interesting. .

Measuring Performance Collaborative Public †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Measuring Performance for Collaborative Public. Answer: Introduction Performance evaluation helps in understanding the quality of services delivered by a system and performance is evaluated of an employee accordingly. Performance management is one of the most important functions of an organisation. The process however comprises of key techniques like direct measurement of performance, analytical tools etc. The key attempt of developing performance management tool is to study and understand if the working set up is in a good condition or not, and if the entire set up needs up-gradation or not. Based on the evaluation the employees are ungraded and trained to enhance overall performance (Aguinis, 2014). In this report Olympus Health group shall be considered and thus focus on evaluation of performance assessment tool in Australia. Improving staff performance in healthcare domain helps in saving human lives and money in a defined way. Irrespective of the size or magnitude of the company performance management tools guide the company towards performance improvement and also attain sustainable result. Adoption of performance management tool therefore aligns people with the mission vision of organisations approaches and also influences financial measures. The performance management tool aligned people with companys mission in a defined way. Some of the key performance management tools as found effective in healthcare domain, are, balanced scorecard, lean, Baldrige and Studer. Each management tool could be implemented separately or in combination to improve overall culture and performance of the health care organisation (Ashdown, 2014). Balanced score card: It has been often mentioned that one should never drive the organisation by looking only through the rear-view mirror and Balanced scorecard supporters hence focus on measuring as well as monitoring performance from both past and present and emphasise on future performances. This is often achieved by identifying companys mission into four equal perspectives of performance and strategy. Implementation of Balanced score card in a company soon impacts on the overall culture. Hence, this approach is very effective in the healthcare domain as it instils a culture of learning and growth in employees (Bratton and Gold, 2017). This strategy also guides employees the employees and help in identifying unique role that is needed in order to serve the mission of the organisation. In short, such an approach when implemented in Olympus health group is likely to improve overall performance, productivity as well as culture. In the system the internal process perspective drives operation in a defined way and hence focuses on organisations mission and strategy and possesses the ability to reduce workload by strategically focusing on mission-driven tasks. Teaching is an important profession in the society. It is a responsibility of an individual to impart knowledge and help students understand and grow in a defined way. As far as the area of education is concerned it is to be mentioned that apt training and management helps in gaining knowledge about the task and hence one could offer services in a proper way. Training nurses also enhanced my knowledge base on ways of effective teaching (Dessler, 2017). As an assessment tool initiator it could be mentioned that having studied here during the course of teaching approaches and ways in which I shall improve knowledge sharing and teach students. I have understood several key characteristics of teaching and even studied specific models on learning. As an aspiring teaching professional, I have gained immense knowledge from the respective course. I have also learnt that in order to teach properly one should adopt specific teaching methods and ensure that students learn information in a proper way. During the course, I learnt several effective methods that should be implemented to teach students and enhance their knowledge in a defined way. I have gained knowledge on effective techniques and characteristics of teaching. Hence the course was helpful and helped me in enhancing my knowledge in a defined manner (Kapucu and Demiroz, 2011). Mistakes are common and students could easily make mistake. As a teacher, it is my responsibility to help students understand their shortcomings and perform in a defined way. I have also gone through cultural and other aspects of society and decided to teach students to enhance knowledge about several aspects of life. I have learnt about techniques and the need for creating an environment for teaching and thus ensure that involving and interactive environment would help in learning in a better way. In this perspective, I would mention that several methods of teaching have been learnt to ensure that students have properly gained the knowledge and they could now explain issues in greater detail (Little, 2007). It is here I have also learnt ways of developing an interest in a topic or subject by implementing specific methods in teaching. Since not every student enjoys every class, it is the responsibility of the teacher to implement specific methods and through innovation involve and up grade students in a defined manner and help them grow as a responsible citizen of the society. Education is an integral aspect of cultured and civilised society. It is the responsibility of a teacher to help children gain knowledge through a proper learning process and grow as a healthy and responsible citizen of the society. Thus, as a responsible individual from the society, I have selected the profession and wished to help children learn and grow in a proper way. . I have hence not only learnt about techniques of teaching but also enhanced my skill and knowledge about ways of knowledge evaluation or else it is difficult to understand how far students have understood the topic or area of discussion. These effective teaching methods approaches have hence helped me immensely and I could now offer the much needed mentoring and coaching sessions (Dessler, 2017). Job analysis: job analysis mainly includes description of the job. In the retail industry it is imperative for an employee to understand the job role in order to perform as per the job demands. Though various organisations in the retail sector have their own standardization, but the job analysis includes certain aspects like identification of the data that is to acquire knowledge regarding the job tile, pay grade, department role and so on. On the other hand, organisational data, job summary and job content are being delivered to the applicant through conducting interviews which is a major part of the staff selection (Olympus Medical Center, 2017). It is another assessment tool which could be implemented to evaluate performance in a defined manner. Health care in Australia generally focuses on improving services towards patients and less on interventions. According to the Australian Public Service Management Advisory Committee (2001) effective performance management includes the following; Thus as per Australian policy makers effective performance management should include goal setting as well as formal performance appraisal tools such as informal feedback throughout the cycle. When managers successfully receive positive feedback both individual as well as organisational performance of Olympus health care improves (Aguinis, 2014). Effective performance management techniques suitable in this situation include application of special approaches, such as periodic performance appraisal is a key performance management component. Appraisal here has aimed at meeting employees work objectives, identifying training needs if any and also gives feedback on individual activities so that the management could plan accordingly for improvement. Formal appraisal session could be implemented for best result, such as; Evaluate the staffs performance strength. This evaluation will help in underpinning weaknesses and also help in addressing key issues or problems associated with services. Focusing on specific areas will help in offering apt guidelines for performance improvement. This approach will further help in boosting an individuals moral as generally if the manager says poor job, inadequate performance this demotivates the performer and impacts on overall performance (Ashdown, 2014). Secondly, the approaches should focus on adopting key ways to improve organisations culture and work environment. Giving respect and identifying ways in which a staffs personality could fit in the organisation would further help in encouraging positively and create a sense of belonging. Thus motivate individual performance. Collect feedback from different sources. Application of 360 degree feedback will help in this perspective. The management will be able to get a broader understanding of employees performance oriented issues if any. Ensure that the individual should have proper knowledge of what is expected from him (Bratton and Gold, 2017). Performance assessment plan is a process of improving individual performance by application of guidance as applied by managers after identifying the issues in existing activities. Hence, before implementing training sessions, it is essential to implement goal setting. Identifying a goal automatically helps in establishing a focused vision and then one could plan growth and improvement as per the goals. Goals help in prioritising activities and hence increase determination. Thus, performance improvement planning becomes more planned and organised with the help of goal setting (Dessler, 2017). Thus goals should, time bound, specific, easily achievable, and motivate staffs to achieve within a time frame. Some other techniques of performance assessment that could be implemented here for improving employee productivity are; Job satisfaction is an important factor in performance management. Satisfaction level impacts on overall performance as it impacts on the psychology of the staff. If the staff is happy and satisfied with the nature of job and also with the salary automatically he performs in a satisfied manner and dedication increases. Thus evaluation of employee job satisfaction level will automatically help in identifying de-motivated staff and encourage towards implementation of effective motivating techniques like training and additional facilities or perks to improve performance in a defined way (Kapucu and Demiroz, 2011). This is another key issue that plays a pivotal role in employee management. When employees are happy with job security they automatically perform without nurturing any tension from uncertainty or threat of becoming jobless. Hence implementing good work environment and offer worker safety and other health care benefits as per the human resource policies of the government will improve employee activities (Maddux, 2006). Conclusion: Thus, it could be underpinned here that adopting a strategic plan will help in improving performance of the Olympus health care in Australia in a significant way. Some of the key performance indicators have been identified so that it could be implemented in order to improve overall performance of the organisation in a defined way. Employee motivation is important in order to improve performance and employee engagement. Hence application of training and other approaches are likely to improve employee performance, increase level of customer satisfaction and this would lead to business enhancement, revenue generation and ensure long term sustainability. References Aguinis, H. (2014).Performance management. Harlow, Essex, GB: Pearson. Ashdown, L. (2014).Performance management. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page Ltd. Bratton, J. and Gold, J. (2017).Human resource management. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Dessler, G. (2017).Human resource management. Place of publication not identified: Pearson Education Limited. Hutchinson, S. (n.d.).Performance management. Kapucu, N. and Demiroz, F. (2011). Measuring Performance for Collaborative Public Management Using Network Analysis Methods and Tools.Public Performance Management Review, 34(4), pp.549-579. Little, R. (2007). Using periodic performance reviews as a management tool.Nursing Management (Springhouse), 38(7), p.10. Maddux, R. (2006).Performance management. Boston, Mass.: Course Technology. Mitchell, D. (2007).Performance management. Chandni Chowk, Delhi: Global Media. Mondy, R. and Martocchio, J. (2004).Human resource management. Olympus Medical Center. (2017).About Olympus - Olympus Medical Center. [online] Available at: https://www.olympushealthgroup.com.au/about-olympus/ [Accessed 30 Aug. 2017]. Schwartz, A. (1999).Performance management. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's Educational Series. THORPE, R. (2015).PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT. [Place of publication not identified]: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Atkinson, C. and Taylor, S. (2009).Human resource management.

Sample Essay Introduction About Compare Contrast

Sample Essay Introduction About Compare ContrastWriting a sample essay introduction about compare contrast about high school vs college college programs is not easy. You can get many samples of different programs online. One way you can determine if what you are looking at is the right one for you is to ask yourself the following questions: Do I know a lot about college? Do I want someone who knows the answer to my question?How much do I know about people that are going to be applying for college? I know a lot about college, but I am not a college student and I don't know how they study. So I think this is a recipe for disaster.However, writing a good essay intro or a good essay review article or even an essay review letter is very difficult to do. It's hard to get through all the information, especially when you've only spent an hour reading about the topic.So in order to make it easier for yourself, you should look at sample essays and samples of high school in college programs. Or , you could always simply do research on the topic yourself. If you aren't sure how you're going to go about researching the topic, then it may be best to look online for samples of samples on the topic.If you need help figuring out how to write a sample essay introduction about compare contrast about high school vs college college programs, there are many websites on the internet that will help you out. They usually offer free information. Some websites offer samples as well as information, but make sure you check your spelling because they often use a spell checker.Make sure that your intro isn't long and if you're going to write a thank you paragraph, make sure you include all of the information from your extracurricular activities and awards as well as your school work and your abilities and passions that you have. Some sites allow you to submit your own letter as a sample, so it might be a good idea to try and incorporate that into your personal letter if you have one.The reaso n for this is because many colleges and universities do not require samples to receive their firsts and chances are, if you already have a college degree or if you have a letter to submit that would show how well you have done. Many schools do not even require a second letter. However, for those that do require samples, be sure to include them with your final letter.Overall, writing a sample essay introduction about compare contrast about high school vs college college programs is not easy, but it can be done. Be sure to ask for help from other sources and be sure that you use a spell checker and also include your ideas and opinions in your personal letter.

Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Example

Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Example Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Over the years, these two words have caused much conflict when dealing with moral issues. Some Christians believe all life is sacred so it should be Gods choice when people should die, and no one elses. On the matters of abortion and euthanasia, some Christians feel it is the mothers right to choose while on the other hand some believe there are no circumstances for it.AbortionWhen dealing with this delicate matter, it raises the point, When Does Life Begin?. Through research, I found this: just as there is a continuum between the acorn and the oak, there is a continuum between me and what I was at conception. The big argument is at what stage in this continuum we become persons. This is an important statement, as it brings our attention to the fact the foetus is actually a person, and we are brought up to believe it is wrong to kill. The Roman Catholic Church believes we become persons at conception, but I dont believe this should stop abortion from taking place, as in my opinion, i t is the mothers right to choose, at any time, in any circumstance. Many would disagree with me.A Christian viewpoint of this would be that it is wrong, but some Christians would make exceptions. This shows that views do differ from religious groups, and a different group, Roman Catholics, do not accept abortion is right under any circumstance, and believe that there should be no legal right to abortion. The view that abortion should be banned starts from the belief that no one should take the life of an innocent person, whatever their conscience tells them. Some Christians would agree with me, that life begins at the moment of conception. They believe that when the sperm and egg come together a unique being is formed with its own genetic make up.Supporters of abortion argue that the foetus does not become a person until it is capable of independent life, which is be somewhere between twenty and twenty four weeks after conception. The argument for this is that its soul is there from the beginning but over the years, Christians viewpoints have changed. Although irrelevant now, in the Middle Ages it was thought that the moment when God breathed life into a child was when it began to move in the womb. This theory is very understandable due to their lack of technology that long ago.Other Christians argue that whether or not the foetus is a person is irrelevant, as it is a potential person, so we should therefore value its potential. To these people whatever the argument, abortion is about killing.The two main views of abortion are: A womans right to choose (pro abortion view) and the right to life (anti abortion view). For most Christians there is the difficult question of what to do when the mothers life is in danger. Clearly, one cannot neglect the mother, so these Christians, who value life, believe the attempt should be to save both.The common question about if the child is going to be disabled, then abortion is just is combated by the Christian viewpoint that everyone has a part to play in Gods plan, therefore no one should be killed.One of the worst problems is rape. It is very unjust that a woman should have a child to a rapist. Some Christians still wouldnt change their views, as they would believe two wrongs dont make a right, however, others would so the decision would be split.Some arguments in favor of abortion:A woman should have the right to choose what happens to her body: This coincides with independence rights.If it becomes more difficult to get legalised abortions, there would be an increase in the number of illegal abortions: Back street abortioning can be dangerous, and why provoke people to break the law.It is wrong to bring unwanted children into the world. They may be neglected and become problems in society: This is straightforward and although one should not judge a person by their background, in some cases this can be true.When pregnancy is the result of rape, the woman should not be forced to continue with the preg nancy: This again coincides with independence rights, and the possibility of neglect through resentment towards the child.Abortion is not murder as it only destroys a collection of cells, which cannot survive outside the womb before the twenty-fourth week of pregnancy: This overlaps with the issue When does life begin, and depending on what Church she belonged to, or her thoughts on the matter, it is in the mothers hands on what she makes of this.A woman who is risking dying should be allowed to abort.(Abortion Reform Group)Some arguments against abortion:The unborn child is alive from the moment of conception and has the right to life. An abortion is child killing (infanticide): This like in the in favor section depends on what the mothers belief is, of when the child is alive.If abortions are easily obtained, they maybe used as another form of contraception, encouraging people to have a more lax attitude to sex: Some Christians believe that sex should be saved for marriage. If the re is a more lax attitude to sex, people are not treating it with the respect some Christians believe it should have.Many couples would want to adopt an unwanted baby, but the numbers of these have been reduced due to abortion: This point would be countered by a Christian in favor of abortion, As long as there are foster homes, there is an abundance of potential foster children.The woman afterwards may feel guilty and depressed and may become suicidal: A Christian view would be to get the woman to a councilor, to avoid this happening.The operation may lead to sterility, or damage the woman for life: A Christian would argue this point.There would be no need for abortion if there were sufficient provision to help them overcome emotional and financial difficulty: This point epitomizes what many Christians would like in society. If emotional and financial difficulty were overcome, then many abortions would not take place.(LIFE)The legal positionFor centuries, abortion was not permitted by law except in extreme cases. E.g. the mothers life at risk. This was changed in 1967 Abortion Act, and was reviewed in 1990 in the Human Fertilization and Embryology Act. The law now states that an abortion can be legally performed up to twenty-four weeks if two doctors agree the mothers health is at risk or if the child will be born abnormal.The Christian positionThe bible doesnt directly refer to abortion, so Christians have to try to get around the Commandment You shalt not kill.Roman Catholics believe life starts at conception therefore abortion is completely wrong. Other Christians, Anglicans, and Methodists, who dont believe life begins until the baby has a chance of surviving independently of its mother. These Christians believe abortion is an evil to be avoided, unless it meant greater evils were avoided.The organization Christians for free choice believe the matter should be left to a womans conscience, which is seen as a guide from God as to what action to take. Continu ing pregnancy therefore should not be forced upon a woman.EuthanasiaWhose life is it anyway? is a common question when euthanasia (from the Greek happy death) is discussed. At this point people take different sides.Humanists believe that everyone owns their own life; while on the other hand Christians believe they belong to God. However, Christians never fail to stress what belonging (in this sense) means. To them it means similar when talking about belonging to your family. E.g., you dont make a decision without consulting with them; therefore, Christians believe Gods will must be accounted for.The greatest difference between Christianity and non-religious viewpoints is how pain is seen. A non-religious person who believes that there is nothing beyond life, a painful death is meaningless. Through Jesus, Christians believe in the cross and thereby believe suffering is a challenge. To Christians If we overcome suffering as part of our commitment to God, we grow as persons. They see s uffering as a positive experience and a means of spiritual growth.Some Christians believe all life is sacred, and believe that God wants people to have quality of life and that all life is sacred.They believe God is love and stopping suffering is a loving thing to do and that The Holy Spirit lives in Christians; Euthanasia destroys Gods temple (Corinthians 3.16-17).Ellen Wilkie, writer and actress, is a good example of a Christian viewpoint on life, Death is not a full stop, its a comma. If you look at the whole of life, death is an activity in the middle. It is not the end. I think this sums up the Christian viewpoint on life, but not on euthanasia as it is hard to tell if she is pro euthanasia or against it.Arguments for euthanasia:We should be able to choose how we die: Many Christians would sum up both sides of the argument, before coming to an answer. God should choose how everyone dies, God wants people to have quality of life.It lessens pain for the patient: The quality of li fe quote overlaps with this argument, as if there is no quality of life, then there is no reason in living.People should not have to live if there is no chance of getting better: Some Christians would say God should choose how everyone dies, to this argument.It stops the suffering of relatives watching the patient die a slow and painful death:Arguments against euthanasia:Mistakes can happen.There are painkilling drugs: this is true, but there is no quality of life, while drugged up.The dying patient might not be in the right state of mind while choosing to die quickly: This mental based problem is tackled by psychiatrists before euthanasia takes place.Patients could lose faith in doctors.Euthanasia is no better than murder: This is a dubious argument, which can be argued considerably by Christians either way.If the patient is unable to choose, then who does: This links in with the dilemma, who switches off the life support machine? Again, Christians choices would be split down the m iddle.The Bibles/Christians viewYou shall not murder; God gave everything life, so life should be treated as a gift from God; God helps no matter what and never gives us more suffering than we can take; Finally, only God can decide what will happen to you, not other people.

Billy Budd’s lessons in Farewell to the Rights of Man! Essay Example Essay Example

Billy Budd’s lessons in Farewell to the Rights of Man! Essay Example Paper Billy Budd’s lessons in Farewell to the Rights of Man! Essay Introduction The film presents itself with Billy Budd as a sailor on a ship called the, â€Å"Rights of Man.† A ship from the British Navy is chasing them down as they correctly suspect, to impress men aboard they’re ship to become part of the navy. As we see on the ship, Billy Budd is a very lively, happy character that made everyone happy by singing through his tiring work. Budd is forced upon the HS Avenger where the crew is an unhappy, grumpy lot. Their unhappiness is due mostly to the master at arms, John Claggart. However, Budd’s jubilant personality brought light and warmth to an otherwise gloomy and cold ship. Budd proceeds to innocently try and become friends with Claggart. Claggart does not trust humans and he thinks that all men are out to get each other. He believe that he had to punish them before they get to him. Budd’s attempts fail though, and Claggart still treats him horribly and with bitterness. Shortly after, Claggart catches wind of a plot to end h is own life, he brings it to the captain and accuses Budd of being the leader in this conspiracy. It seems however, that Claggart is really threatened by Budd’s apparent talent at making friends and ability to attract people to follow him, causing him to think he could start a mutiny. Mutiny’s in the year 1797 were a major concern in the British Navy and punishments to any involved were always severe if not the end of their lives. The captain calls both Claggart and Budd to his cabin for questioning. Claggart commences in spewing lies and accusations about Budd. Before Claggart can finish this, Budd, in a fit of anger and loss of words, hits Claggart and kills him with a single blow. Billy Budd’s lessons in Farewell to the Rights of Man! Essay Body Paragraphs This causes a problem for the ships captain, Captain Vere, (meaning truth). He personally did not like Claggart and he understands that Budd had no intention, but he feels that the only just thing to do would be to hang Billy Budd. He assembles a court marshal and they consult about what to do. Vere cannot decide whether to follow his own personal feelings or whether to follow his duty. In the end, they decide that the just thing to do would be to hang Billy Budd. Surprisingly, Budd is very content and does not fight the decision, for he understands what he has done. When Budd goes to be hanged before the crew, they voice their unhappiness, but none step forward to fight for his life. Billy Budd dies in front of the crew peacefully and without last words. Portrayal of the Legal System: This film brings up issues pertaining to Capital Punishment. It seems like an unfavorable portrayal of it, since Budd is such a likeable character. The film makes Claggart seem like a criminal for all the suffering and horrible things he makes the crew got through. But one could argue that he is just fulfilling his duty. The film makes Budd look like a hero, because he makes everyone happy through trying times. The way the Captain handles it is a very realistic approach to the situation. Just like in =/history-of-civilization-i-code-of-hammurabi-vs-mosaic-law-6759 data-wpel-link=internal>hammurabi‘s Code, the famous â€Å"Eye for an Eye,† stands true in this. The legal system is presented in a few ways. The master of arms, Claggart is almost like the police. He watches the crew and enforces the laws of the ship. If a law is broken by one of the crew, then he reports it to the Captain who then will decide a punishment for the man. A judge and jury could be compared to the questioning from the captain and then the court marshal where they decide what should be done with Budd. The punishments would be done aboard ship. The crew cannot defend themselves really; their wor d is not taken as heavily as that of the Master at Arms. Relationship between Legal System and the Individual/Society: The main relationship that was portrayed in this movie was that between Claggart and Billy. This was an obviously strained relationship. Billy was very open to a friendship with Claggart, but Claggart would not have it and deemed it to be impossible. Since Claggart is the legal system, and Billy is the individual this represents one relationship. Another relationship that is key is the relationship between Captain Verre and the code. Captain Verre would like to forgive Billy and to let him go and not press charges, but the code says that Billy should die. This poses a conflict between Verre’s moral and lawful values. Should he kill Budd as the law tells him to? Or should he let it pass, because he knows Billy is a good person and it was accidental? The Issue/Conflict: The issue/conflict arose when Billy boarded the ship. His jubilant manner contradicted how t he master at arms felt sailors should be. He took this attitude as a threat to the order of the ship. He saw Billy as the type of person who would start a mutiny. Claggart felt that Billy was up to something, especially when he attempted being friends with him. It created division, because Claggart cannot trust anyone and thinks Billy Is bad news. It created division, because everything Billy does to make the crew happy, Claggart sees as it as an attempt to turn their backs on the rules and persuade them to do the wrong. The second, more important issue is that of Verre and his decision. It arose through the killing of Claggart and from deciding what Billy’s punishment should be. Side A says that it is the Captains duty to kill Billy according to the rules and the law. The captain also takes into account the life lost; that although Claggart was a gloomy person, he had the right to live and that right was taken away when Billy killed him. Side B would argue that Billy did it by accident and that it was not a malicious kill. Chances are, Billy would not kill again. There is also the chance that people will mutiny if Billy dies. These are the thoughts that run through the Captain’s mind when he ponders Billy’s future. The conflict ends with Bill’s execution through hanging. The Captain deduces that the right choice to make is to kill Billy according to the law, and Billy accepts that. Despite the crew’s disapproval of the action, the captain has to go through with it. Billy also is very content with the Captains decision, because he understands what he killed a man and that that is a capital punishment. Billy does not hold any bad feelings for feel bitter, because he feels bad about Claggart’s death as well. The Message and the Subtext: (I was not clear whether you were referring to the time the book was made, or the time the movie was made) The book was started in 1886 by Herman Melville. During that time Capital Punish ment might have been a controversy. This was probably a reflection upon the army and the issue of a persons rights. The army was much more strict in the 1800’s than it is not and brutal punishment was not unheard of. However, I suspect that this is not related to the army and just that of how someone should be judged. I think Herman Melville’s intention was to show the conflict between duty and morals. In 1962 this movie was probably related more to the army. In 1967 the United States was in a cold was with Russia and many troops were being deployed through out the world to protect countries. Many men were being court marshaled and many people were being investigated for conspiracy, since it was a largely unpopular war to be in. It probably brought up the issue of killing the enemy. Technically for killing someone, you should die or be severely punished. Even if he/she is the enemy like Claggart, do they have the same rights that we have? This is the type of question t hat people in the army had to face and had to live through. The Movie, its Message, and You: To me, Billy Budd explored the idea that even though you are not a bad person, you can still be punished for a crime you committed according to the law. This film taught me that many courts are unforgiving and would never forgive a random outburst of anger. This both calms me, and frightens me. It calms me because that means that people, who kill and don’t mean to or don’t understand their strength and ways, are being put into jail far away from me. But it also frightens me, to think that what if it happened to me and no one is merciful? It also gets me thinking about capital punishment and where it should be applied. Such as, under what circumstances does a person have to kill for their life to be taken away? What type of mental state do they need to have? Does it matter? It arose issues such as this and I left class the last of filming thinking about all of this. I think that this is a semi-accurate portrayal of the legal system. Semi-accurate, because today we have a jury, we have many people who would have defended Billy and others to defend Claggart. Or maybe there would have been a person to defend Jenkins when Claggart ordered him to his post, which led to his death. The portrayal of someone enforcing the law and some sort of court is very accurate though. The court marshal acts as the judge and the jury. The captain calls both men in for questioning before Billy kills Claggart. This is all accurate to how thinks would be help today. Ultimately, they decided to obey the law and kill Billy. However, the issue of Capital Punishment was different throughout all ages. Back in the 1800’s there might not have ever been an argument about it, and people rarely questioned the law. It was just a clear yes, he deserves to die or no, he did not commit the crime. Now, people have become more passionate and we understand that there are certain circumstant ial and rightful killings. Such as, killing to defend one self. I don’t think Billy would be let go completely free. Most likely, they would give him 25 to life now. I think the argument is universally a problem and it always will be. There will always be side A and B who will lock heads and argue whether this punishment is humane or just. Watching this movie in class, it was not terribly exciting, but looking back on all the movies I’ve watching in school it was not the worst. I liked the character Billy a lot and how he was cheerful through everything. I thought that generally, the acting was good since bad acting is a pet peeve of mine. What I did not like was the fact that it was in black and white. I really love color to catch my eye and the fact that every color was some variation of a mixture of black and white really annoyed me. The only other thing I can think of was that in man cases, I could not understand what they were saying. Thank god, you deciphered it. Over all, I’m sure that if I saw the movie in theaters in 1962 I would have thoughts I got my moneys worth. Billy Budd taught us more than the law though. During the time Billy was aboard this Miserable ship Avenger, he always kept a positive attitude and took the â€Å"cup half full,† approach to any situation. That teaches me that maybe school isn’t that bad and maybe I should take things from a different angle instead of seeing all the work involved. I also learned to accept what’s for me and what you can’t help. Such as this paper, at first I was very reluctant to start a 13-paragraph essay. That’s pretty daunting, but as I rounded my 5th paragraph I knew that I had to do this. This is acceptance, not to the same greatness and peacefulness ad Billy’s, but still getting there. The third lesson I took from Billy Budd is not to kill someone., because there are always consequences for your actions. Not that I ever considered killing someone, but I mean that it made a big impression on me that in the real world, hey don’t care is you have a problem getting the words out so you just punch. There are no second chances. So, with me on the road I realize that there is no saying â€Å"whoops sorry, won’t happen again.† There’s saying, â€Å"Please don’t tell my parents I got arrested.† It’s kind of a slap in the face that bad things happen to good people, and good people do bad things to make that true. We will write a custom essay sample on Billy Budd’s lessons in Farewell to the Rights of Man! Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Billy Budd’s lessons in Farewell to the Rights of Man! 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